Duration is how long a note or rest is to be played. Notes and rests have fractional durations.
A Half-note is half as long as a Whole-note, a Quarter-note is a quarter as long as a Whole-note and is also half as long as a Half-note, and so forth. Each duration will have its own symbol.
Note Durations:
Rests work the same way, just with different symbols.
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Rest Durations:
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dotted note
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note beaming
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rest duration
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tied note
Duration of Notes and Rests, Dotted Notes, Ties and Beamed Notes